Causes of Red and Swollen Anal Area in Cats and Dogs
Anal Gland Inflammation: A Common Anus Condition in Dogs
Anal gland inflammation is a quite common anal disorder, with smaller dogs being more prone to it than larger breeds. This condition arises when the secretions from the glands within the dog's anal sacs accumulate within the sacs, leading to inflammation due to the irritation of the mucous membranes.
Clinical Symptoms
In the early stages, dogs may exhibit signs of unease, such as a decrease in appetite or complete refusal to eat. They might continuously lick their anal area or perform "scooting" motions. Some dogs may also have difficulty defecating, showing signs of straining, which can eventually lead to rectal prolapse, inflamed anal area, and the discharge of brownish fluids.
The contents of the anal glands are typically a light yellowish liquid. However, when inflamed, the color can change to green, brown, white, or milky yellow, indicating an abnormal condition. The consistency may become thick and dry.
Severe cases of anal gland inflammation can cause swelling and ulceration on both sides of the anus, with the possibility of unilateral or bilateral occurrences.
Treatment
For anal gland flushing, if there is a simple blockage of the anal sac's excretory duct, you can wear a rubber glove, apply some Vaseline, and gently insert your finger into the anus. With your thumb outside the anus, press lightly on the swollen area to express the contents.
For anal sacs that are swollen and suppurating, first, empty the pus from the sac. Then, insert a catheter into the anal sac and flush it clean with a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution or a 0.2% metronidazole solution. Afterward, apply erythromycin ointment and repeat the process every three days.
Prevention
Regular expression of the anal glands is key to prevention. It's best to do this during bath time, as it can be quite smelly. Dogs that consume a diet high in meat tend to produce more anal glands, so consider their diet when managing this condition.
