Signs of Pain in Cats: How to Identify and Help

It's important to note that it can be quite challenging for veterinarians to determine if a cat is in pain. They often rely on instrumental assessments to discern signs of discomfort, making it somewhat difficult for pet owners to accurately assess their cat's pain levels or whether they are suffering from a chronic illness. Cats' subtle behavioral and facial changes can often be indicators of underlying issues.

One: Changes in Behavior

Any of the following behaviors, or a combination of them, can be signs that a cat is experiencing pain. As cats age, abnormal behaviors caused by chronic diseases are often mistakenly attributed to the natural aging process, and may be overlooked. These behaviors, however, can be early warnings of potential health issues.

Decreased appetite;

Hiding more than usual;

Reduced activity levels;

Increased sleepiness;

Enhanced grooming or biting at specific body parts;

Increased vocalization;

Aggressive behavior;

Pacing or restlessness;

Changes in facial expressions or posture;

A sensitive or shrinking body when touched gently;

Increased respiratory rate;

Dilated pupils.

Two: Changes in Expression

Through research on feline pain, researchers have categorized and tested five facial expressions in cats experiencing pain versus those in good health. These include observing the position of the ears, the tension in the eyes, the tension in the facial muscles (known as "gunbarrel tension"), the position of the whiskers, and the position of the head.

1. Healthy Cat Expressions

Ears are normally forward;

Eyes are wide open and bright;

Facial muscles are relaxed and not tense;

Whiskers are loose and curved;

The head is positioned above the shoulders.

2. Moderate Pain in Cats

Ears are slightly turned to the sides;

Eyes are halfclosed and halfopen;

Facial muscles are slightly tense;

Whiskers are slightly curved or straight;

The head is level with the shoulders.

3. Severe Pain in Cats

Ears are flattened and turned outward;

Eyes are squinted;

Facial muscles are very tense;

Whiskers are straight and pointing forward;

The head is below the shoulders or tilted.

By paying close attention to these subtle changes in behavior and expression, pet owners can better understand their cat's wellbeing and take appropriate action if necessary.