Understanding Feline Panleukopenia: Causes, Symptoms, a

What is Feline Panleukopenia?

Feline Panleukopenia, also known as feline enteritis or feline distemper, is a highly contagious acute disease in cats. The virus responsible for this condition belongs to the parvovirus family and is most commonly seen in unvaccinated cats aged between 12 to 16 weeks. It is relatively rare in older cats or adults.

Symptoms of Feline Panleukopenia

The incubation period for feline distemper is typically around 2 to 9 days, after which clinical symptoms may appear. These include fever, excessive thirst without a desire to drink, and vomiting unrelated to eating, which can lead to dehydration. Later stages of the disease may also involve diarrhea, with the cat experiencing abdominal pain upon palpation. The cat's body temperature may drop significantly before death.

Treatment for Feline Panleukopenia

Liquid Therapy: Intravenous crystalloid solutions can help maintain fluid balance and correct losses due to vomiting and diarrhea. Balanced electrolyte solutions like Lactated Ringer's solution can be added, as well as 2.5% to 5% glucose, and potassium supplementation is often necessary.

Antibiotic Therapy: Due to the risk of bacterial infections and leukopenia, broadspectrum antibiotics (such as amoxicillin, cephalosporins, and ticarcillin) can be administered intravenously.

Parenteral Nutrition: If vomiting occurs, oral antibiotics should be avoided initially. Water can be administered if vomiting stops, and if the cat stops drinking, it should be offered small amounts of water 12 to 24 hours after the last episode of vomiting.

Antiemetic Therapy: Metoclopramide can be administered at a dose of 1 to 2 mg/kg every 24 hours, or 0.25 mg/kg every 6 to 8 hours by intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous injection. The novel antiemetic drug maropitant can be given subcutaneously at a dose of 1 mg/kg every 24 hours, and ondansetron can be administered intravenously at a dose of 0.5 to 1.0 mg/kg every 8 to 12 hours.

Feline distemper is a critical challenge that many kittens face. Early detection and prompt treatment are crucial. Since vomiting and diarrhea can also be symptoms of other feline illnesses, pet owners should educate themselves on cat health to provide the best care for their pets. If you have any further questions, don't hesitate to consult with an online veterinary professional.