Symptoms & Treatment of Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy:

Section 1: Causes of Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy

The exact cause of this disease remains unclear. Current research suggests that several factors may contribute to its development, including viral infections, increased microvascular reactivity, nutritional deficiencies, immunemediated processes, cardiotoxic substances, genetic defects, or a combination of various diseases.

Section 2: Symptoms of Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy

This condition typically presents with symptoms of varying degrees of left and rightsided heart failure. The hallmark signs include cognitive dysfunction, weakness, weight loss, and abdominal distension. Clinical examination may reveal symptoms such as coughing, dyspnea, syncope, anorexia, weight loss, thirst, and edema. In Changsha, a palpation may detect a rapid heart rate, irregular rhythm, and during auscultation, a galloping rhythm and a weak or moderate systolic murmur of the left atrioventricular valve may be heard.

Rightsided heart failure is characterized by abdominal distension, decreased appetite, and fatigue. Leftsided heart failure or syncope is more common in Boxers and Dobermans. Working dogs may experience a gradual onset of symptoms, with clinical signs appearing over several months, whereas stray dogs may show symptoms within days or weeks.

The galloping rhythm and presystolic gallop are the most common clinical signs in sinus rhythm. Dogs with leftsided heart failure and pulmonary edema may exhibit rales, wheezes, and bronchial breath sounds upon auscultation. Many dogs with rightsided heart failure also present with distended jugular veins, palpitations, liver enlargement, and abdominal fluid. Dogs may have an irregular pulse, weight loss, and muscle atrophy.

Section 3: Treatment of Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy

The treatment approach focuses on reducing the heart's workload, correcting arrhythmias, enhancing cardiac function, improving blood perfusion, and alleviating heart failure. The specific treatment methods depend on the severity of heart failure. It is essential to strictly limit exercise intensity and enforce strict rest until the heart failure is stable. Feeding a lowsodium diet and supplementing with vitamins and minerals is also recommended.

1. Medications to improve contractility.

2. Diuretics and vasodilators.

Pet Doctor's Tip: For more information on canine heart health, click here to read about “Treatment Methods for Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy”.