Understanding Cat Dental Diseases: Essential Tips for P
Three Common Oral Diseases in Cats: How to Tackle Them?
1. Periodontal Disease
Cats, especially older ones, are prone to periodontal disease, which is one of the most prevalent oral health issues. As their body functions decline, tartar and plaque can accumulate on the gums and oral mucosa. This buildup creates a fertile ground for bacteria, which, in turn, produce toxins and bioacids in large quantities. These substances can lead to periodontal disease, causing discomfort and potential damage to the gums and teeth.
2. Feline Stomatitis
Feline stomatitis is an autoimmune disease that can cause inflammation, ulceration, and pain in the gums. It can be quite challenging, as it often leads to a loss of appetite due to pain. It requires the patient care of the owner and professional treatment by a veterinarian. Stomatitis in cats can be categorized into three types:
Gingivitis: This is inflammation at the junction of the tooth and gum, often caused by poor oral hygiene and the accumulation of dental plaque. Severe cases can lead to periodontal disease, root damage, and even tooth loss.
Complicationrelated Stomatitis: This type is caused by other diseases, such as kidney failure and diabetes. It can be identified through blood tests. One distinguishing feature is that kidney failure can completely extinguish a cat's interest in food, even to the point of not sniffing. Other forms of stomatitis may still cause a desire to eat, but with pain during chewing.
Immunemediated Stomatitis: The cause of this condition is not yet fully understood. One theory suggests that it is caused by viral infections that suppress the immune system, such as feline calicivirus, feline AIDS, and feline leukemia.
3. Feline Odontoclastic Resorption
During an oral examination, you may notice a small or large amount of dental plaque and tartar on the teeth, with the inflamed gums sometimes extending to erode the tooth surface. Tooth resorption can sometimes be confused with gingivitis or stomatitis, especially when there are tooth roots left in the mouth. These are all clinical manifestations of feline odontoclastic resorption.
How to Clean Your Cat's Teeth?
Choose a time when your cat is relaxed and comfortable. Apply a small amount of toothpaste to a toothbrush or gauze. Place your cat on your lap with its head facing you. You'll need two hands to clean the teeth: one to hold the cat's chin and lift the lips, and the other to brush.
Grasp your cat's chin with one hand and use the same hand to lift the lips. Gently brush the outer side of the gums and the cheek (closest to the cheek) with the toothbrush. Start from the front lower teeth and work your way to the back teeth, then repeat on the other side.
When you're done with the lower teeth, use the same method to clean the upper teeth. Avoid brushing the inner side of the teeth, as your cat's rough tongue will naturally remove plaque.
It's important to maintain your cat's oral health daily, including brushing, dental toys, and regular veterinary checkups to prevent future issues. Find a method that works best for both you and your feline friend, and always be patient and gentle with your furry companion!
