Understanding Canine Food Allergic Dermatitis: Causes &

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I. Characteristics of Canine Food Allergic Dermatitis

1. NonSeasonal Itching as a Key Indicator

Canine food allergic dermatitis is primarily characterized by nonseasonal itching, which sets it apart from flea allergic dermatitis, which typically exhibits seasonal itching. It's crucial to differentiate this condition from atopic dermatitis, as while most atopic dermatitis cases are seasonal, there are exceptions, such as those triggered by dust mites, which can cause nonseasonal itching. Nonseasonal itching is particularly distressing for dogs, as it can occur yearround, unlike seasonal allergies that are confined to specific times of the year.

2. Common Affected Areas and Symptoms

The disease often affects the ears, paws, groin, armpits, face, neck, and perineum. Affected areas may develop redness and papules. Due to the intense itching, dogs may excessively scratch or chew themselves, leading to symptoms like hair loss, scabs, dandruff, and hyperpigmentation of the skin.

3. Secondary Infections and Skin Conditions

Food allergic dermatitis can also lead to secondary infections or overgrowths of Staphylococcus and Malassezia, resulting in pyoderma and Malassezia dermatitis. Other skin conditions, such as seborrheic dermatitis, may also occur as a consequence.

4. Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Some Cases

Approximately 25% of dogs with food allergic dermatitis may exhibit gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea.

II. Diagnosing Canine Food Allergic Dermatitis

1. Differential Diagnosis

The diagnosis of canine food allergic dermatitis involves a process of differential diagnosis to rule out conditions such as scabies, Malassezia dermatitis, pyoderma, contact dermatitis, flea allergic dermatitis, and other atopic dermatitis cases. This step is essential for identifying the primary and secondary diseases, which is crucial for the dog's treatment and management.

2. Laboratory Tests

Skin scraping tests can help exclude parasitic diseases, while skin cytology can be used to rule out infections by fungi like癣菌 and Malassezia.

3. Investigating the Dog's History and Environment

It's also important to consider the dog's medical and lifestyle history. Understanding whether the itching is seasonal or nonseasonal, identifying potential allergens in the dog's environment, and examining the distribution of the itching can provide valuable insights.

4. Distinguishing from Other Conditions

Given that atopic dermatitis and food allergic dermatitis share similar symptoms, careful elimination is necessary. Contact dermatitis can usually be distinguished, as it tends to occur in areas with sparse hair and often presents with primary erythema.

The above information is provided by Dr. Oxygen Pet, a reminder to pet owners: If you notice your dog frequently scratching, it's important to seek veterinary care promptly. Early treatment for any skin condition is key to effective management and relief for your furry friend. After all, continuous itching can be incredibly uncomfortable for dogs!