The symptoms of pyometra in a pet dog. In American English.

Understanding Canine Pyometra: Symptoms and Treatment

Pet dogs are beloved members of many families, bringing joy and companionship to their owners. However, like any other living being, they can suffer from various health issues. One such condition that can affect female dogs is pyometra, a serious uterine infection that requires prompt veterinary attention. In this article, we will delve into the symptoms of pyometra in dogs and the available treatment options.

What is Pyometra?

Pyometra is a condition characterized by the accumulation of pus in the uterus. It typically occurs in middle-aged or older female dogs, especially those that have not been spayed. The infection usually follows a heat cycle, and the risk increases with each cycle that passes without pregnancy. There are two types of pyometra: open pyometra, where the cervix is open and pus can drain from the uterus, and closed pyometra, where the cervix is closed, and the pus builds up inside the uterus.

Symptoms of Pyometra

The symptoms of pyometra can vary depending on whether the dog has an open or closed pyometra. Here are some common signs to look out for:

1. Vaginal Discharge

One of the most noticeable symptoms of open pyometra is a vaginal discharge. The discharge may be yellow, green, or bloody and can be profuse. In contrast, dogs with closed pyometra may not show any vaginal discharge because the pus is trapped inside the uterus.

2. Lethargy and Depression

Dogs with pyometra often exhibit signs of lethargy and depression. They may be less interested in playing or going for walks and may spend more time sleeping.

3. Loss of Appetite

A loss of appetite is another common symptom. Affected dogs may refuse to eat or may eat less than usual. This can lead to weight loss over time.

4. Increased Thirst and Urination

Dogs with pyometra may drink more water than usual and urinate more frequently. This is due to the infection's impact on the kidneys and the body's attempt to flush out toxins.

5. Abdominal Swelling

In some cases, the uterus may become enlarged and cause abdominal swelling. This can be particularly noticeable in dogs with closed pyometra, where the pus accumulates and expands the uterus.

6. Fever

A fever is another possible symptom. The dog may feel warm to the touch and may have a temperature higher than normal.

Diagnosis and Treatment

If you suspect your dog may have pyometra, it is crucial to seek veterinary care immediately. The veterinarian will perform a physical examination and may use diagnostic tools such as blood tests, ultrasounds, and X-rays to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment Options:

1. Medical Management

In some cases, especially with open pyometra, the veterinarian may recommend medical treatment. This typically involves administering antibiotics to clear the infection and hormones to stimulate the uterus to contract and expel the pus. However, medical management is not always successful and can be risky, as it may lead to complications such as uterine rupture.

2. Surgical Intervention

The most common and effective treatment for pyometra is surgery. A spay operation, known as an ovariohysterectomy, is performed to remove the infected uterus and ovaries. This procedure is generally safe and has a high success rate. In cases where the dog is a valuable breeding animal, a procedure called a cornual resection may be performed to remove only the affected part of the uterus.

Prevention

The best way to prevent pyometra is to spay your female dog before she reaches sexual maturity. Spaying eliminates the risk of uterine infections and also has other health benefits, such as reducing the risk of breast cancer and eliminating the possibility of pregnancy-related complications.

In conclusion, pyometra is a serious condition that can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. By being aware of the symptoms and seeking veterinary care at the first sign of illness, you can help ensure your pet dog's health and well-being. Regular veterinary check-ups and spaying your dog can also play a crucial role in preventing this condition.