What are the symptoms of dog's eyeworm disease?

Dog owners need to be aware of a condition known as ocular larva migrans, commonly known as dog eye worm disease. This condition is caused by the migration of larval nematodes, typically from the genus Toxocara, through the eye. It's crucial to recognize the symptoms early to ensure proper treatment and prevent potential vision loss.

One of the earliest signs of eye worm disease in dogs is redness of the affected eye. This redness is often accompanied by swelling and can be mistaken for conjunctivitis or another common eye infection. Dogs may also exhibit excessive tearing or a discharge from the affected eye, which can vary in consistency from watery to pus-like.

Another telltale symptom is itching and rubbing at the eye. Affected dogs might paw at their eye or rub it against objects in an attempt to alleviate the discomfort. This behavior can lead to corneal abrasions or ulcers, further complicating the condition.

In some cases, the presence of the larval worms can cause clouding of the cornea, which may be visible to the naked eye. This cloudiness can progress to opacity and, if left untreated, can result in permanent vision loss. Dogs may also show signs of photophobia, or sensitivity to light, due to the irritation and inflammation in the eye.

It's important for pet owners to be vigilant about their dog's overall health, as eye worm disease can be a symptom of a broader parasitic infestation. Dogs may exhibit other symptoms such as weight loss, diarrhea, or a potbelly, especially in puppies, which can indicate the presence of Toxocara larvae in other parts of the body.

If you suspect your dog has eye worm disease, it's essential to seek veterinary care immediately. A veterinarian will perform a thorough examination, which may include fluorescein staining to detect corneal ulcers and ophthalmoscopy to examine the interior of the eye. They may also take a sample of the eye discharge for microscopic examination to identify the presence of larvae.

Treatment for eye worm disease typically involves the use of antiparasitic medications to kill the nematodes. However, because these medications can cause the larvae to die within the eye, leading to further inflammation and damage, treatment must be carefully managed. Your veterinarian may also prescribe steroids to reduce inflammation and antibiotics to prevent secondary infections.

To prevent eye worm disease, it's important to practice good hygiene and implement a regular deworming schedule for your dog. This should include the use of heartworm preventatives that also target other types of parasitic worms. Additionally, keep your dog away from environments where they might be exposed to contaminated soil or feces, as these can harbor the eggs of the nematodes.

Awareness and early detection are key to managing eye worm disease in dogs. By recognizing the symptoms and seeking prompt veterinary care, you can help ensure your furry friend maintains good eye health and overall well-being.