The symptoms of canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca KCS, also
Dry eye is a common condition in dogs, but when it comes to keratoconjunctivitis sicca, or KCS, the stakes are higher. KCS, better known as dry eye, is a chronic condition where the eyes don't produce enough tears to stay healthy and lubricated. This can lead to a host of uncomfortable and sometimes severe symptoms.
Eye Discharge: One of the first signs of KCS is a change in the eye's discharge. Instead of the usual clear, watery tears, you might notice a sticky, mucous-like discharge. This discharge can be clear or colored, and it may crust around the eyes, especially after your dog has been sleeping.
Squinting and Blinking: Dogs with KCS often squint or blink excessively. This is their way of trying to produce more tears or to keep their eyes moist. Squinting can also be a sign of pain or discomfort in the eyes.
Redness and Inflammation: The eyes of a dog with KCS may look red and inflamed. This is because the lack of tears can lead to irritation and inflammation of the conjunctiva, the mucous membrane that lines the inside of the eyelids and the white part of the eye.
Cloudy Eye Surface: In some cases, the cornea may become cloudy or develop a blue-gray tint. This is due to the accumulation of minerals on the cornea's surface, a condition known as corneal dystrophy.
Pain and Sensitivity: Dogs with KCS may show signs of pain or sensitivity around their eyes. They might rub their eyes with their paws or avoid having their eyes touched. In severe cases, the lack of lubrication can lead to corneal ulcers, which are extremely painful.
Loss of Vision: If left untreated, KCS can lead to a decrease in vision or even blindness. The cornea can become scarred, and the constant irritation can damage the eye's structures.
If you suspect your dog has KCS, it's important to seek veterinary care. Your vet will perform a thorough eye exam and may use a test called the Schirmer tear test to measure tear production. Treatment for KCS typically involves medication to stimulate tear production and reduce inflammation.
There are several things you can do at home to help your dog manage KCS. Artificial Tears: Your vet may recommend using artificial tears to keep your dog's eyes lubricated. These should be used as directed, and it's important to use a product specifically formulated for dogs.
Eye Cleanse: Keeping your dog's eyes clean is crucial. Use a gentle, vet-approved eye cleaner to wipe away any discharge and keep the area around the eyes free from crust and debris.
Humidity: Increasing the humidity in your home can help reduce the symptoms of KCS. Using a humidifier can add moisture to the air, which may help your dog's eyes produce more tears.
Comfort and Support: Provide a comfortable environment for your dog. Avoid exposing them to dusty or smoky areas, and make sure they have a quiet, stress-free place to rest.
