Pet Skin Diseases II: Eczema, Allergies, & Bacterial In
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Section 1: Skin Diseases Caused by Bacterial Infections
Bacterial infections in dogs and cats often manifest as papules, pustules, and cracked skin. However, unlike fungal infections, these bacterial infections typically do not cause severe itching, or if they do, it's not as intense as with fungal infections. Consequently, dogs and cats usually do not excessively scratch at the affected areas. Yet, bacterial skin diseases can lead to secondary conditions, posing significant health risks to our furry friends. Common bacterial skin diseases in dogs and cats include pyoderma, folliculitis, and interdigital dermatitis. Let's delve into the specifics of each:
1. Pyoderma
Pyoderma, also known as脓皮症 in pets, is a prevalent skin condition in dogs and cats. The hallmark sign is the formation of pus in the affected areas, leading to severe skin damage, both locally and systemically. Staphylococcus intermedius is the primary causative agent, with other bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis also contributing.
The causes of pyoderma can be categorized into primary and secondary. Primary causes are often related to weakened immune systems, making it difficult for the body to fight off bacteria. Dogs and cats with malnutrition or congenital immune deficiencies are more susceptible to bacterial infections and subsequent pyoderma. Additionally, thyroid dysfunction or excessive adrenal hormone secretion can impact the skin and lead to pyoderma.
Secondary causes involve the breakdown of the skin's natural protective barrier, allowing bacterial infection to take hold. Allergies to certain foods, pollen, dust, or disinfectants can trigger allergic dermatitis, which can lead to secondary pyoderma. Similarly, longterm bites from external parasites like mange mites or fleas can lead to infection and pyoderma.
Moisture in the environment can also promote the growth of pyodermacausing bacteria, increasing the risk of infection. Improper use of antibiotics or corticosteroids can weaken the immune system, making it easier for bacteria to thrive and increase the risk of pyoderma.
Pyoderma Symptoms in Dogs and Cats:
Pyoderma is classified into three types based on the depth of bacterial invasion: superficial, superficialpartial thickness, and deep. The treatment approach varies depending on the severity and the type of pyoderma.
Superficial pyoderma begins with redness or swelling on the skin, which progresses to pustules. Once these pustules rupture, they form scabs, and the affected areas may become itchy. This type of pyoderma is often found in areas with little to no hair, like the abdomen, inguinal folds, and armpits, and can spread to other parts of the body. Treatment usually involves topical medications.
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