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Spironolactone is a unique diuretic that operates through a specific mechanism. It works by inhibiting the activity of aldosterone, a hormone that is released in large quantities during heart failure and other medical conditions, such as Conn's syndrome.

Aldosterone is a hormone primarily responsible for retaining sodium and excreting potassium from the kidneys.

Spironolactone blocks this function of aldosterone, leading to increased excretion of sodium in the urine. At the same time, potassium is conserved within the body, earning the medication the nickname "potassiumsparing diuretic."

As sodium excretion increases, water is also expelled from the body, resulting in an increase in urine output and the diuretic effect. Overall, the diuretic action is gentle.

Spironolactone can also block the effects of aldosterone on the heart muscle. High concentrations of aldosterone can be toxic to the heart.

Spironolactone is a prescription medication that can only be obtained from a veterinarian or prescribed by one.

While the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved this drug for use in animals, veterinarians are legally allowed to prescribe it as an additional medication.

Spironolactone's Composition

This medication is registered for use in humans only.

Human formulation: Aldactone® (Searle) and various generic formulations

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Spironolactone's Uses in Cats and Dogs

1. Spironolactone is used to reduce fluid accumulation that may occur in conditions like heart failure. It is also employed to treat ascites, an enlargement of the abdomen associated with certain liver diseases.

2. It can help manage hypertension in cats.

Precautions and Side Effects

1. Generally, spironolactone prescribed by a veterinarian is safe and effective, but it can cause side effects in some animals.

2. The medication should not be used in animals known to be allergic to it.

3. It should be avoided in animals with kidney damage, liver disease, Addison's disease, or high potassium levels.

4. Side effects are rare and usually mild, and they typically resolve once the medication is discontinued.

5. Spironolactone may interact with other medications. Consult with your veterinarian to ensure that any other medications your pet is taking do not interact with spironolactone. These include aspirin, enalapril, digoxin, and other diuretics.

6. Some side effects associated with spironolactone include dehydration, low sodium, high potassium, drowsiness, loss of appetite, vomiting, and diarrhea. Facial dermatitis has been confirmed in cats. These side effects are more likely to occur in animals also receiving ACE inhibitors, such as enalapril or benazepril.

Spironolactone's Dosage Information

Spironolactone is available in tablet strengths of 25 mg, 50 mg, and 100 mg.

Spironolactone's Dosage and Administration

Note: Always consult with a veterinarian before administering the medication.

1. For dogs and cats, the dosage of spironolactone is typically 0.25 to 2 mg per pound (0.5 to 4 mg/kg body weight) given once or twice daily.

2. The duration of treatment depends on the condition being treated and the pet's response to the medication. Even if your pet appears to have recovered, it is important to complete the full course of treatment unless instructed otherwise by your veterinarian.