Canine蜂窝织炎: Causes & Treatment Methods Explained

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Section 1: Causes of Canine Cellulitis

Cellulitis in dogs is often the result of various factors:

1. Trauma and Skin Damage: Dogs may develop cellulitis after being bitten or sustaining skin injuries, leading to bruising and subsequent bacterial infections that cause suppurative inflammation.

2. Skin Breaks and Infections: Breaks in the skin can lead to infections or folliculitis, which can then progress to cellulitis.

3. Medication Errors: The most common cause of cellulitis in dogs is related to medication errors, such as improper injection techniques or the use of刺激性 drugs. Examples include:

Direct injection of oilbased medications like ivermectin, doramectin, and lincomycin into the subcutaneous tissue, which can damage the local area.

Accidental subcutaneous injection of venous刺激性 drugs, causing tissue damage.

Struggles during injection leading to muscle or subcutaneous bleeding, which can lead to infection.

Failure to disinfect the area before subcutaneous injection, potentially leading to infections like staphylococcus or streptococcus.

Misuse of corticosteroids, which can weaken the dog's immune system and reduce its ability to fight infections.

Section 2: Symptoms of Canine Cellulitis

The symptoms of cellulitis in dogs can vary depending on the depth of the infection:

1. Superficial Infection: Dogs may exhibit redness, swelling, heat, and pain at the site. Central inflammation is particularly pronounced, and the infection can spread rapidly, leading to necrosis and ulceration of the subcutaneous tissue.

2. Deep Infection: In deeper infections, the skin may appear less swollen, but there will be significant tenderness in the fascial and intermuscular spaces. Dogs may also experience systemic symptoms like fever and chills.

3. Acute Infection in the Neck or Submandibular Area: This can cause laryngeal edema and tracheal compression, leading to difficulty breathing and even respiratory distress.

4. Anaerobic Infection: Dogs with anaerobic cellulitis often show extensive fascial necrosis and progressive skin necrosis, with foulsmelling pus and severe systemic symptoms, commonly affecting wounds in the groin and abdominal area.

Section 3: Treatment Methods for Canine Cellulitis

Early cellulitis, without signs of suppuration or exudation, can often be treated with oral antibiotics. However, for more severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary. Surgery is generally effective and minimally invasive, but it must be performed according to strict principles:

1. Complete Debridement: Thoroughly remove all necrotic tissue, ensuring no remnants are left. Avoid contaminating healthy tissue with purulent exudate during the process.

2. Reliable Haemostasis: All bleeding points should be ligated to stop the bleeding, rather than using compression or hemostatic forceps.

3. Eliminate Dead Spaces: If the wound is deep, the suture should penetrate the subcutaneous tissue to ensure the skin adheres closely to it, preventing dead spaces that could lead to fluid accumulation.

4. Delay Surgery for High Fever: If a dog has a high fever and systemic symptoms, surgery should be postponed. Administer highdose antibiotics and intravenous fluids with metronidazole until the dog's fever subsides and systemic symptoms resolve to prevent shock or death during or after surgery.

Understanding canine cellulitis is crucial for effective management and care of affected dogs.

This revised version aims to provide a more detailed and readerfriendly explanation of canine cellulitis.