Symptoms & Treatment of Feline Panleukopenia: Key Info

Signs and Symptoms of Feline Panleukopenia

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a severe disease caused by infection with the feline coronavirus. It has an incredibly high transmission rate and a mortality rate as high as 95%. Although the exact mode of transmission is not yet clear, it is generally believed to be via the oralnasal route. While this information might be alarming, it's important to note that the virus typically remains in the gut and does not cause FIP unless it mutates. As long as the virus stays in the gut, it poses no risk of transmission. Most disinfectants can kill the feline coronavirus in the environment, so regular cleaning can significantly reduce the risk. However, if the virus mutates and invades other organs, it can lead to the development of FIP. Once a cat is infected with this type of coronavirus, it will carry the virus for life, and it can become symptomatic when the immune system is weakened.

Young kittens may suddenly become ill, while adult cats typically exhibit symptoms over a few weeks. Initially, symptoms may be subtle, including fever, decreased appetite, poor spirits, and weight loss. Later, two clinical forms can be observed: exudative (wet) and nonexudative (dry).

Exudative (wet) form: This includes pleural effusion (shortness of breath, difficulty breathing), ascites (abdominal swelling), and peritonitis;

Nonexudative (dry) form: This primarily affects the eyes (vision impairment), central nervous system (hind limb paralysis, spasms), and can lead to granulomas in various organs (nodules in the abdomen) among others.

We can take several steps to effectively prevent FIP.

First, reduce environmental stress:

The higher the density of cats, the greater the likelihood of infection. This is often seen in catteries and shelters, where the disease is more prevalent. It is not advisable to keep more than five cats in a small space unless the owner can provide ample room for each cat to have its own space. Additionally, maintaining a clean, hygienic, and orderly living environment is crucial.

Second, minimize stressors:

Excessive stress, such as moving, boarding, changing owners, or frequently frightening cats, can lead to severe reactions. It is important to respect their natural tendencies and avoid frightening cats for fun or forcing them to participate in social activities. Instead, allow cats to relax and maintain a positive mood.

Third, boost immunity:

Enhancing a cat's immunity is not about supplementing with various nutrients but rather about protecting their natural instincts, engaging in activities they enjoy, and feeding them their favorite foods (as discussed in the article "Cat vs. Dog: Big Differences," readers can refer to this article to learn more about the nutrients cats need). Proteins and fats are essential for cats.

Fourth, vaccination:

In the United States and some European countries, there is a FIP vaccine called "Primucell FIPPfizer," which is administered via nasal drops to cats over 16 weeks of age. However, this vaccine offers protection rates of only 50%70%, ensuring a certain chance of protection against infection for a certain period. Currently, there is no such vaccine available in hospitals in China.

In summary, to prevent FIP, ensure your cat is wellfed, maintain a clean living environment, provide ample space, increase exercise, keep a positive mood, and enhance overall immunity. These methods not only help prevent FIP but can also protect against other diseases.