Symptoms of Rabbit Coccidiosis: What to Look Out For
Section 1: Symptoms of Rabbit Coccidiosis
Rabbit coccidiosis is an illness caused by a parasite known as "Eimeria," which primarily resides in the intestines and spreads through the digestive system. This condition is most prevalent in rabbits between 1 to 4 months old and is characterized by a high mortality rate.
The disease typically has an incubation period of about three days, during which the affected rabbits may experience a gradual loss of appetite, eventually leading to complete refusal to eat. Other notable symptoms include a lack of energy, mucous discharge from the eyes and nose, frequent urination, and feces sticking to the rabbit's tail. Additionally, the rabbits often remain in a lying position and may exhibit pale conjunctivae.
Eimeria parasites can be categorized into three types based on their site of寄生: liver, small intestine or cecum, and a mixed infection affecting both the liver and intestines. Each type presents with distinct symptoms in the later stages.
The intestinal form often manifests with symptoms such as diarrhea, bloating, and bleeding in the intestinal walls, which can lead to acute death. The hepatic form is characterized by liver enlargement, pain upon palpation, jaundice in the conjunctivae and mouth, and a mild yellowish discoloration. Young rabbits may also exhibit neurological abnormalities, seizures, and numbness in the limbs. The mixed form can present with all these symptoms.
Section 2: Prevention and Treatment of Rabbit Coccidiosis
Prevention:
When you bring home young rabbits, it is crucial to start them on coccidiostatic medication to prevent infection. Additionally, regular cleaning and disinfection of the rabbitry, maintaining a clean and hygienic environment, are essential. Routine disinfection can be achieved using boiling water or flame, and you can also sprinkle wood ash or lime to prevent moisture and kill bacteria.
Treatment:
1. Add clormetaxine to the rabbit's feed at a dosage rate of 30mg per kilogram of feed. Continue this for a week, then reduce the dosage by half. Note: Rabbits can develop resistance to this medication over time, so it should be used within the specified time frame, as frequent use may lead to diminishing effectiveness.
2. Administer a muscle injection of praziquantel6methoxychloroquine at a dose of 0.07g per kilogram of body weight, once daily.
3. Perform a subcutaneous injection of coccidiostatic drugs, ensuring accurate dosing. While rabbits may feel discomfort during the injection, this method is highly effective.
4. Mix diclazuril solution with the rabbit's drinking water at a concentration of 0.1 to 0.2ml per liter of water. Prepare this solution freshly and use it continuously for a period, but do not exceed six months.
Important Reminder from Oxygen Pet Doctor: Coccidiosis in rabbits is highly preventable. Pet owners should take timely preventive measures. If you notice symptoms of coccidiosis in your rabbit, it is essential to seek veterinary treatment promptly. Avoid administering medication to your rabbit without professional guidance to prevent poisoning.
