Understanding Feline Hypothyroidism: Causes and Symptom
Symptoms: Low activity levels (lack of energy, weakness), reduced cold tolerance, slow wound healing, fragile skin, hair loss, a tendency towards obesity, high cholesterol, and anemia.
Risk Level: Moderate; while it does not directly threaten life, untreated cases may lead to other health issues.
Classification: Endocrine Disease
Incidence: Cats: Very rare; Dogs: High
Keywords: Lack of energy, decreased appetite, obesity, high cholesterol, anemia, slow wound healing, cold intolerance, reduced cold tolerance
About Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland, located in the neck, fails to produce enough hormones. These hormones are crucial for metabolism, and a deficiency can lead to a slowdown in the body's overall metabolism, causing a variety of symptoms. The cause is often an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the thyroid, leading to inflammation.
This condition is more common in older pets, and some believe it is a sign of aging that may not be easily noticed by pet owners.
Once diagnosed, hypothyroidism cannot be cured completely, and pets must take thyroid hormone supplements for life. Although the disease is challenging to prevent, research suggests a genetic predisposition. Pet owners can consult with veterinarians to assess the risk of developing the disease within their family. Additionally, it is not recommended to breed pets with this condition.
In cats, if the treatment for hyperthyroidism involves thyroidectomy, the side effect can be a condition known as iatrogenic hypothyroidism.
This condition is also typically incurable, and cats, like dogs, will need to take thyroid hormone medication for life. Furthermore, elderly dogs may be advised by hospitals to measure thyroid hormone levels before undergoing general anesthesia for surgery.
Diagnosis: Blood tests, particularly measuring thyroid hormone levels, are used to confirm the diagnosis. Many hospitals outsource these tests, and with the latest equipment, testing can be done promptly.
Ultrasound can also be used to confirm thyroid atrophy. After diagnosis, thyroid hormone levels should be monitored regularly, every month to a year, depending on the previous results, clinical symptoms, and the owner's preferences.
Treatment: Treatment involves taking thyroid hormone supplements. The dosage varies from pet to pet, and it must be adjusted based on blood tests to ensure the correct amount is being administered.
Prognosis: No serious complications; longterm stability can be maintained with medication.
