Dog Diabetes Diet, Symptoms, & Treatment Guide

What is Canine Diabetes?

Canine diabetes is an endocrine disorder in dogs, characterized by high blood sugar levels, glucose in the urine, increased urination, thirst, overeating, and weight loss. Older, overweight dogs over the age of five are more susceptible to this condition, with the highest incidence occurring in dogs between 8 and 9 years old. The incidence in female dogs is about two to four times higher than in male dogs.

Causes of Canine Diabetes

The primary cause is a deficiency of insulin secretion in the dog's pancreas. Liver diseases prevent the storage of glucose within the liver. Stimulating the sugar center in the medulla oblongata can lead to elevated blood sugar levels. Disorders in the adrenal, thyroid, and pituitary glands, among others, can also cause hyperglycemia. Medications such as sedatives, anesthetics, thiazides, and phenytoin can affect insulin release.

Clinical Symptoms of Canine Diabetes

Dogs with diabetes typically exhibit symptoms such as excessive thirst, frequent urination, increased appetite, weakness, and emaciation. In severe cases, dogs may have bad breath, persistent vomiting, and bloody diarrhea, which can lead to acidosis and eventually diabetic coma. Blood sugar levels in dogs are usually between 75 and 120 mg/dL, but in diabetes, they can rise to 150 mg/dL and sometimes even 400 mg/dL.

Prevention and Treatment of Canine Diabetes

The treatment for canine diabetes focuses on lowering blood sugar levels, correcting imbalances in water, electrolytes, and acidbase balance. It is crucial to seek veterinary care promptly, follow the vet's instructions for medication, and commit to longterm treatment. Diet therapy is a fundamental treatment method, involving a lowsugar diet and incorporating lowsugar foods like meat and dairy. Supplementing with an adequate amount of B vitamins is also recommended. Feeding should be regular and in small, frequent portions. Managing high blood sugar and correcting metabolic disorders involves regular insulin injections and oral hypoglycemic medications.

Tip: For more information on managing canine diabetes, you can read our article, "Improving the Quality of Life for Dogs with Diabetes." Click here to learn more.