Essential Cat Vaccines: A Comprehensive Guide
Leukocytosis in cats, commonly known as feline distemper, is caused by highly contagious parvovirus. Affected cats may exhibit symptoms such as a lack of energy, loss of appetite, vomiting, and diarrhea. In some cases, cats can die suddenly, particularly if they are young and their immune systems are not yet fully developed. Since the virus can survive in the environment for a long time, the risk of cats contracting this serious illness is quite high. However, with the increased use of vaccinations in recent years, the spread of this contagious virus among cats has been effectively controlled.
The vaccine also protects against feline herpesvirus and feline calicivirus. The former can lead to viral rhinotracheitis, while the latter is estimated to be responsible for 8090% of feline upper respiratory infections, making them the prevalent viruses behind "cat colds." These infections can be fatal for kittens, although they are relatively less severe for adult cats. However, they are challenging to treat, such as when cats infected with feline herpesvirus may suffer from eye inflammation, which can lead to corneal ulcers and perforation if left untreated for an extended period.
Cats infected with feline calicivirus may also experience symptoms like limping and chronic stomatitis, among others. It's crucial to note that these viruses are highly contagious, and they can be transmitted directly from the secretions of infected cats or from objects in the environment that have been contaminated with the virus. Some people mistakenly believe that these viruses are so common that many cats have already been infected or carry the virus, and their immune systems can handle it without causing fatal consequences. However, once a cat is infected, vaccines can significantly reduce the severity of the disease. They are essential vaccines, and it is still recommended that they be administered.
The FVRCP vaccine, also known as F3, is a core vaccine. However, it's important to note that unless there is a specific need, it is advisable to use F3 exclusively during the initial vaccination schedule for kittens, as some may not be aware of this or may switch veterinarians. Certain veterinarians might administer F4, which includes a vaccine for chlamydial infection, and some cats may experience severe side effects from this combination. There is also an F5 vaccine, which includes a vaccine for feline leukemia virus. Both are noncore vaccines, so it is essential to discuss these options thoroughly with your veterinarian before vaccination.
The second most common vaccine required is the rabies prevention vaccine. If cats frequently attend cat shows or participate in activities that require them to be outdoors, or if they need to travel to certain areas, they must be vaccinated against rabies according to regulations. Some expatriates with cats may be aware that certain countries require cats to have a blood test to ensure they have sufficient antibodies before leaving the country to prevent the introduction of rabies.
However, if your cat is kept indoors, does not travel, or attend cat shows, and does not come into contact with other stray animals, there is no need to administer the rabies vaccine.
